Augustine of Hippo and the virtue of hope

Augustine of Hippo and the virtue of hope

Michael Lamb writes: The binary between optimism and pessimism does not capture the complexity of Augustine’s thought. As concepts, ‘optimism’ and ‘pessimism’ came to be employed only in the 18th century. Moreover, the binary overlooks Augustine’s more nuanced account of hope as a virtue that finds a middle way between the vices of presumption and despair. The difference that it makes when we understand hope as a virtue is often missed in contemporary discourse, which tends to characterise hope as an attitude or emotion and to…

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The key to species diversity may be in their similarities

The key to species diversity may be in their similarities

Veronique Greenwood writes: More than four decades ago, field ecologists set out to quantify the diversity of trees on a forested plot on Barro Colorado Island in Panama, one of the most intensively studied tracts of forest on the planet. They began counting every tree with a trunk wider than a centimeter. They identified the species, measured the trunks and calculated the biomass of each individual. They put ladders up the trees, examined saplings and recorded it all in sprawling spreadsheets….

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Could Putin lose power?

Could Putin lose power?

Anton Troianovski writes: President Vladimir V. Putin long styled himself as Russia’s guarantor of stability and the uncompromising protector of its statehood. This weekend, Russian stability was nowhere to be found, and neither was Mr. Putin, who after making a brief statement on Saturday morning vanished from sight during the most dramatic challenge to his authority in his 23-year reign. In his absence, he left stunned Russians wondering how the leader of a paramilitary group, Yevgeny V. Prigozhin, could stage…

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Time is not on Putin’s side

Time is not on Putin’s side

Institute for the Study of War reports: The Kremlin now faces a deeply unstable equilibrium. The Lukashenko-negotiated deal is a short-term fix, not a long-term solution, and Prigozhin’s rebellion exposed severe weaknesses in the Kremlin and Russian MoD. Suggestions that Prigozhin’s rebellion, the Kremlin’s response, and Lukashenko’s mediation were all staged by the Kremlin are absurd. The imagery of Putin appearing on national television to call for the end of an armed rebellion and warning of a repeat of the…

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After weekend of chaos in Russia, questions remain over fate of Wagner

After weekend of chaos in Russia, questions remain over fate of Wagner

The Wall Street Journal reports: A day after Wagner’s mutiny showed the unexpected fragility of President Vladimir Putin’s regime, all the main players in Russia’s worst political crisis in decades stayed out of sight—leaving Russians, and the world, to wonder whether the drama was really over. Key unanswered questions include the future of Wagner’s 25,000 heavily armed troops, of the paramilitary group’s owner Yevgeny Prigozhin and of Russia’s military leadership, which failed to stop his rapid advance toward Moscow. The…

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How Prigozhin’s rebellion exposed Putin’s weakness

How Prigozhin’s rebellion exposed Putin’s weakness

David Remnick writes: When I asked [Mikhail] Zygar [former editor-in-chief of TV Rain] what was the most striking aspect of the uprising, he said, “Putin is weaker. I have the feeling he is not really running the country. Certainly, not the way he once did. He is still President, but all the different clans”—the factions within the government, the military, and, most important, the security services—“now have the feeling that ‘Russia after Putin’ is getting closer. Putin is still alive….

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Biden speaks with Zelenskyy about attempted mutiny in Russia

Biden speaks with Zelenskyy about attempted mutiny in Russia

Politico reports: President Joe Biden spoke with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on Sunday, a day after Russian mercenary forces reversed their plans to march on Moscow, Zelenskky said. The White House confirmed the call on Sunday afternoon. Zelenskyy and Biden discussed “the course of hostilities and the processes taking place in Russia,” Zelenskyy said in a post on Twitter. “The world must put pressure on Russia until international order is restored.” [Continue reading…] David Ignatius writes: The Biden administration’s response…

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Decades-long bet on consciousness ends as philosopher beats neuroscientist

Decades-long bet on consciousness ends as philosopher beats neuroscientist

Nature reports: A 25-year science wager has come to an end. In 1998, neuroscientist Christof Koch bet philosopher David Chalmers that the mechanism by which the brain’s neurons produce consciousness would be discovered by 2023. Both scientists agreed publicly on 23 June, at the annual meeting of the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness (ASSC) in New York City, that it is still an ongoing quest — and declared Chalmers the winner. What ultimately helped to settle the bet…

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U.S. was aware Prigozhin was preparing to take military action against Russia

U.S. was aware Prigozhin was preparing to take military action against Russia

The New York Times reports: American intelligence officials briefed senior military and administration officials on Wednesday that Yevgeny Prigozhin, the leader of the mercenary Wagner Group, was preparing to take military action against senior Russian defense officials, according to officials familiar with the matter. U.S. spy agencies had indications days earlier that Mr. Prigozhin was planning something and worked to refine that material into a finished assessment, officials said. The information shows that the United States was aware of impending…

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Prigozhin’s Wagner troops to stop march on Moscow as Belarus brokers deal

Prigozhin’s Wagner troops to stop march on Moscow as Belarus brokers deal

The Wall Street Journal reports: Yevgeny Prigozhin, the owner of the Wagner paramilitary group, said his forces will stop their march on Moscow and return to their camps to avoid bloodshed, as the Belarus president Aleksandr Lukashenko announced a deal to halt the armed confrontation threatening Russia. Lukashenko, who said he spent most of Saturday negotiating with Prigozhin and Russian President Vladimir Putin, said an agreement was reached “that unleashing a bloodbath on the territory of Russia was unacceptable.” The deal offered to Prigozhin…

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What Wagner Group veterans have to say about Yevgeny Prigozhin’s armed rebellion

What Wagner Group veterans have to say about Yevgeny Prigozhin’s armed rebellion

Meduza reports: Prigozhin “started to get restless” about two weeks ago, sources close to the Kremlin and the Russian government told Meduza, right after Putin said that mercenary groups would be required to sign contracts with the Russian Defense Ministry if they wanted to continue serving in Ukraine. Putin himself explained that the change was necessary so that Wagner mercenaries could be “covered by social guarantees.” But Prigozhin categorically refused to sign an agreement with the agency and made unofficial…

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‘Everything is still ahead’: Inside a secret military base with top Ukraine general

‘Everything is still ahead’: Inside a secret military base with top Ukraine general

The Guardian reports: From the elevated deck of his command post, Col Gen Oleksandr Syrskyi, the head of Ukraine’s ground forces, peers down with pinched eyes and furrowed brow at the expanse of scrubland and forest laid out in front of him as an assault unit of soldiers seeks to cross a heavily mined field. It is evident that the general would like a little more speed. “This isn’t a show,” says Syrskyi. The men running from trench to armoured…

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The Arctic and Atlantic oceans are merging. It could be disastrous

The Arctic and Atlantic oceans are merging. It could be disastrous

William von Herff writes: In the Fram Strait off Greenland’s west coast, Véronique Merten encountered the foot soldiers of an invasion. Merten was studying the region’s biodiversity using environmental DNA, a method that allows scientists to figure out which species are living nearby by sampling the tiny pieces of genetic material they shed, such as scales, skin, and feces. And here, in a stretch of the Arctic Ocean 400 kilometers north of where they’d ever been seen before: capelin. And…

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Who wins in the Hunter Biden plea deal

Who wins in the Hunter Biden plea deal

Norman Eisen writes: We might have expected a fight from Hunter Biden and his lead trial counsel Abbe Lowell rather than news of Tuesday’s plea deal with the Justice Department. After all, Lowell did not become one of America’s most successful trial lawyers by pleading his clients out. But the deal, negotiated by Biden’s lead criminal counsel Chris Clark, requiring Hunter Biden to plead guilty to two tax misdemeanors and to admit to felony gun possession, was a good one. That was true for Hunter Biden, his…

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