MIT Technology Review spoke to Rafael Radi and Fernando Paganini, advisors to the Uruguayan government:

The first cases in Uruguay were confirmed on March 13, and the national working group that we convened of about 60 people met with the president on April 16. There were two main arms, one in health and one in data science and modeling.

The number of cases never really built up to the point where we had no control. You could almost track our epidemic through five or six distinct outbreaks that we’ve had, all with around 50 to 60 cases, and they’re all basically isolated. The most recent outbreak was in a province called Treinta y Tres that is close to the Brazilian border, and this was the second outbreak we had of Brazilian origin. That border is technically closed, but there are some border towns which are binational, so it’s hard to enforce. Actually, the main street in one of these towns is the border. So people will just cross freely. You cannot really be as locked down as we would like in those border towns.

Right now there’s a reasonably good capability of PCR testing. [Editor’s note: polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, is the standard method of identifying a virus from its genetic material.] We have built up enough capacity that if there’s any outbreak, we can do contact tracing not just of the immediate contacts, but even second-order contacts. We’ve been doing that, plus some random testing of people around outbreak hot spots. As for the people who actually do the field testing, we have been relying on the existing capacity of the health ministry in terms of infectious diseases. We are used to dealing with other kinds of epidemics, like dengue, and so far we haven’t had a high enough number of cases to involve people outside their expertise. But it’s not really high tech. These guys are doing the job as it has long been done: lots of phone calls. [Continue reading…]